Antibacterial activities of clove Syzygium aromaticum and turmeric Curcuma longa essential oil on some pathogen bacteria implicated in periodontal diseases

Resumo

The antibacterial activities of the clove essential oil (C),
turmeric essential oil (T) as well as clove and turmeric (CT)
essential oil were analysed against some bacterial pathogens
implicated in periodontal diseases using agar well diffusion. The
bacteria include Klebsiella oxytoca, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas
flourescens,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella oxytoca,
Enterobacter sp., Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli. At 15%
concentration of the essential oils, both clove essential oil and the
essential oil of clove and turmeric (CT) exhibited pronounced and
varying degrees of growth inhibition zones against the bacteria
(8.3±0.33-22.6±1.53 and 7.3±0.33-22.3±1.45). The MIC value for
clove essential oil, tumeric essential oil and clove and turmeric (CT)
essential oils ranges from 0.9-7.5 %, respectively. The result shows
that in general, clove essential oil has significantly greater zone of
inhibition (mean) than tumeric essential oil. The bactericidal rate of
clove essential oil against Klebsiella oxytoca and Bacillus subtilis
was also determined. From our study, we can conclude that clove
essential oil has more prevailing and sustainable antibacterial
properties than turmeric essential oil even at a considerable low
percentage. We recommend that clove essential oil not only has very
promising potential for a broad-spectrum antibiotic drug against
periodontal pathogenic bacteria. In addition, it can be used as an
effective source of natural herbal antibiotics.

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