Antifungal activity of selected plant extracts against Trichothecium roseum (Pers.) Link (1809) (Sordariomycetes: Hypocreales), causal organism of fungal rot of Solanum melongena L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) in Kashmir, India

Resumo

Egg plant Solanum melongena L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) is an important vegetable grown in Kashmir. It is attacked by number of fungal pathogens in storage and in the field. These fungi caused several fungal rot diseases resulting heavy losses to the growers. Therefore, present study was carried out to study the incidence and management of fungal rot of egg plant using some selected plant extracts. It was revealed from the study that Trichothecium roseum (Pers.) Link (1809) (Sordariomycetes: Hypocreales) causing decaying of egg plant under storage. Study was also undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of some plant extract against Trichothecium roseum on inhibition of spore germination and mycelial growth under in vitro conditions. It was observed from the results that amongst the plant extracts, plant extract of Ajuga bracteosa at highest concentration was found most effective against Trichothecium roseum and cause highest inhibition in the mycelial growth and spore germination followed by plant extract of Taraxicum officinale, Mentha arvensis and Iris kashmiriana at the same concentrations. Other concentrations of plant extracts also bought about significant reduction in mycelial growth and spore germination of the test fungus but to a lesser extent as compared to control.

Referências

1. Abano, E. E.; San-Amoah L. K. Application of
2. antagonistic microorganisms for the control
3. of postharvest decays in fruits and
4. vegetables. International Journal of
5. Advanced Biological Research, v. 2, p. 1-8,
6. Adams, P. B.; Wong, J. A. L. The effect of
7. chemical pesticides on the infection of
8. sclerotia of Sclerotinia minor by the
9. biocontrol agent Sporidesmium sclerotivorum.
10. Phytopathology, v. 81, p. 1340-1343, 1991.
11. Bajaj, K. L.; Kaur, G.; Chadha, M. L.
12. Glycoalkaloid content and other chemical
13. constituents of the fruits of some egg plant
14. (Solanum melongena L.) varieties. Journal of
15. Plant Foods, v. 3, no. 3, p. 163-168, 1979.
16. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142968X.1979.11
17. Bajaj, K. L.; Kaur, G.; Chadha, M. L.; Sigh, B. P.
18. Polyphenol oxidase and other chemical
19. constituents in fruits of eggplant
20. (S. melongena L) varieties. Vegetable
21. Sciences, v. 8, p. 37-44, 1981.
22. Balkan, B.; Balkan, S.; Aydogdu, H.; Guler, N.;
23. Ersoy, H.; Askm, B. Evaluation of antioxidant
24. activities and antifungal activity of different
25. plants species against pink mold rot-causing
26. Trichothecium roseum. Arabian Journal for
27. Science and Engineering, v. 42, no. 6,
28. p. 2279-2289, 2017. https://doi.org/
29. 1007/s13369-017-2484-4
30. Barnett, H. L.; Hunter, B. B. Illustrated
31. genera of Imperfect Fungi. Minneapolis:
32. Burgess Publishing Company, 1972.
33. Bashar, M. A.; Shamsi, S.; Hossain M. Fungi
34. associated with rotten fruits in Dhaka
35. Metropolis. Bangladesh Journal of Botany,
36. v. 41, p. 115-117, 2012. https://doi.org/
37. 3329/bjb.v41i1.11090
38. Dal Bello, G. First report of Trichothecium
39. roseum causing postharvest fruit rot of
40. tomato in Argentina. Australasian Plant
41. Disease Notes, v. 3, p. 103-104, 2008.
42. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03211257
43. Datar, V. V. Bio efficacy of plant extracts
44. against Macrophomona phaseolina (Tassi)
45. Gold, the incitant of charcoal rot of Sorghum.
46. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology,
47. v. 29, p. 251-253, 1999.
48. Droby, S.; Wisniewski, M.; Macarisinb, D.,
49. Wilson, C. Twenty years of postharvest
50. biocontrol research: Is it time for a new
51. paradigm? Postharvest Biology and
52. Technology, v. 52, no. 2, p. 137-145, 2009.
53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.
54. 009
55. El-Ghaouth, A.; Wilson, C. L.; Wisniewski, M.
56. E. Biologically based alternatives to synthetic
57. fungicides for the postharvest diseases of
58. fruit and vegetables. In: Samh, N. (Ed.).
59. Diseases of fruit and vegetables. The
60. Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers,
61. v. 2. p. 511-535.
62. Ellis M. B. Dematiaceous hyphomycetes.
63. England: Commonwealth Mycological
64. Institute, 1971.
65. Engstrom, G. W.; Delance, J. V.; Richard, J. L.;
66. Baetz, A. L. Purification and characterization
67. of roseotoxin B, a toxic cyclodepsipeptide
68. from Trichothecium roseum. Journal of
69. Agricultural Food Chemistry, v. 23, p. 244-
70. , 1975. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60198
71. a050
72. Farr, D. F.; Rossman, A. Y.; Palm, M. E.;
73. McCray, E. B. Fungal databases, systematic
74. botany and mycology laboratory, ARS, USDA,
75. Available from: <http://nt.arsgrin.gov/fungal databases/>. Accessed on Jul.
76. , 2008.
77. Ghosal, S.; Chakrabarti, D. K.; Srivastava, A. K.;
78. Srivastava, R. S. Toxic 12, 13-
79. epoxytrichothecenes from anise fruits
80. infected with Trichothecium roseum. Journal
81. of Agricultural Food Chemistry, v. 30,
82. p. 106-109, 1982. https://doi.org/10.1021/
83. jf00109a024
84. Gilman, J. C. A manual of soil fungi. Ames:
85. Iowa State University Press, 2008.
86. Gautam, K.; Rao, P. B.; Chauhan, S. V. Efficacy
87. of some botanicals of the Family Compositae
88. against Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Journal of
89. Mycology and Plant Pathology, v. 33,
90. p. 230-235, 2003.
91. Gupta, U. P.; Govindaiah, P.; Dutta, R. K. Plant
92. extracts on non-chemical approach to control
93. Antifungal activity of selected plant extracts against Trichothecium roseum 131
94. Braz. J. Biol. Sci., 2019, Vol. 6, No. 12, p. 123-132.
95. Fusarium disease of mulberry. Current
96. Science, v. 77, p. 406-409, 1996.
97. Jantasorn, A.; Moungsrimuangdee, B.;
98. Dethoup, T. In vitro antifungal activity
99. evaluation of five plant extracts against five
100. plant pathogenic fungi causing rice and
101. economic crop diseases. Journal of
102. Biopesticides, v. 9, no. 1, p. 1-7, 2016.
103. Jobling, J. Essential oils: A new idea for
104. postharvest disease control. Sydney: Sydney
105. Postharvest Laboratory Information Sheet,
106. Available from:
107. postharvest.com.au/gfv_oils.pdf>. Accessed
108. on Jul. 10, 2008.
109. Kaul, M. K. Medicinal plants of Kashmir
110. and Ladakh, temperate and cold arid
111. Himalaya. New Delhi, India: Indus
112. Publishing Co., 1997.
113. Khandare, K. R.; Vasait, R. D. Use of
114. biopotentials of plant extracts of medicinal
115. importance against pathogenic fungi
116. Fusarium oxysporum. Bioscience Discovery,
117. v. 8, no. 1, p. 87-92, 2017.
118. Kiraly, Z.; Klement, Z.; Solymosy, F.; Voros, J.
119. Methods in plant pathology with special
120. reference to breeding for resistance to
121. breeding for resistance. New York: Elsevier
122. Publishing Co., 1974.
123. Koka, J. A.; Wani, A. H.; Bhat, M. Y.; Parveen, S.
124. Antagonistic activity of Trichoderma spp.
125. against some fungi causing fungal rot disease
126. of brinjal. Trends in Biosciences, v. 10,
127. no. 16, p. 2844-2846, 2017.
128. Korsten, L. Advances in control of
129. postharvest diseases in tropical fresh
130. produce. International Journal of
131. Postharvest Technology and Innovation,
132. v. 1, p. 48-61, 2006. https://doi.org/
133. 1504/IJPTI.2006.009181
134. Mitcham, E. J.; Mitchell, F. G. Post-harvest
135. handling systems: pome fruits. In Kader, A. A.
136. (Ed). Post-harvest technology of
137. horticultural crops. 3. ed. Oakland, CA:
138. University of California, Agriculture and
139. Natural Resources, 2002. p. 334-344.
140. Oyelana, O. A.; Durugbo, E. U.; Olukani, O. D.;
141. Ayodele, E. A.; Aikulola, Z. O.; Adewole, A. I.
142. Antimicrobial activity of Ficus leaf extracts on
143. some fungal and bacterial pathogens of
144. Dioscorea rotundata from Southwest Nigeria.
145. Journal of Biological Sciences, v. 11, no. 5,
146. p. 359-366, 2011. https://doi.org/10.3923/
147. jbs.2011.359.366
148. Pandey A. In vitro study of efficacy of
149. Mancozeb against Trichothecium roseum on
150. eggplant (Solanum melongena L.).
151. International Journal of Medicinal
152. Research, v. 1, p. 1-5, 2010.
153. Pawar, B. T. Antifungal activity of some fruit
154. extracts against seed-borne pathogenic fungi.
155. Advanced Bioresearch, v. 4, no. 3, p. 95-97,
156. Parveen, S.; Ganie, A. A.; Wani, A. H. In vitro
157. efficacy of some fungicides on mycelial
158. growth of Alternaria alternata and Mucor
159. piriformis. Archives of Phytopathology and
160. Plant Protection, v. 46, no. 10, p. 1230-1235,
161. https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.
162. 763617
163. Parveen, S.; Wani, A. H.; Bhat, M. Y.; Koka, J. A.
164. Biological control of postharvest fungal rots
165. of rosaceous fruits using microbial
166. antagonists and plant extracts: A review.
167. Czech Mycology, v. 68, no. 1, p. 41-66, 2016.
168. https://doi.org/10.33585/cmy.68102
169. Raji, R.; Raveedran, K. Antifungal activity of
170. selected plant extracts against
171. phytopathogenic fungi Aspergillus niger.
172. Asian Journal of Plant Science and
173. Research, v. 3, no. 1, p. 13-15, 2013.
174. Sengul, M.; Yildiz, H.; Gungor, N.; Cetin, B.;
175. Eser, Z.; Ercisli, S. Total phenolic content,
176. antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of
177. some medicinal plants. Pakistan Journal of
178. Pharmacy Science, v. 22, no. 1, p. 102-106,
179. Shukla, V.; Naik L. B. Agro-techniques of
180. solanaceous vegetables. In: Chadha, K. L.;
181. Kalloo, G. (Eds.). Advances in horticulture:
182. Vegetable crops. Part 1. New Delhi: Malhotra
183. Pub. House, 1993. v. 5.
184. Singh, D.; Sharma, R. R. Postharvest diseases
185. of fruit and vegetables and their
186. management. In: Prasad, P. (Ed.).
187. Sustainable pest management. New Delhi,
188. India: Daya Publishing House, 2007.
189. Snowdon, A. L. A colour atlas of postharvest diseases and disorders of fruits
190. and vegetables: General introduction and
191. fruits. Cornell: Wolfe Scientific, 1990.
192. Thakur, K. D.; Khune, N. N.; Sabley, J. E.
193. Inhibition of some cotton pathogens by plant
194. Koka et al.
195. Braz. J. Biol. Sci., 2019, Vol. 6, No. 12, p. 123-132.
196. extracts. PKV Research Journal, v. 19,
197. p. 39-41, 1995.
198. Tomkin and Trout. Pricking by entomological
199. pins. (C-Dass Gupta and Mandal: 1989). 1931.
200. Tripathi, P.; Dubey, N. Exploitation of natural
201. products as an alternative strategy to control
202. postharvest fungal rotting of fruit and
203. vegetables. Postharvest Biology and
204. Technology, v. 32, no. 3, p. 235-245, 2004.
205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2003.
206. 005
207. Wani, A. H. An overview of the fungal rot of
208. tomato. Mycopathology, v. 9, no. 1, p. 33-38,
209. Watanabe, T. Pictorial atlas of soil and seed
210. fungi: Morphologies of cultured fungi and
211. key to species. 2. ed. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC
212. Press, 2002.
213. Welch, A. W.; Jenkins, S. F.; Averre, C. W.
214. Trichothecium fruit rot on greenhouse
215. tomatoes in North Carolina. Plant Disease
216. Reporter, v. 59, p. 255-257, 1975.
217. Zabka, M. K.; Drastichova, A.; Jegorov, J. S.;
218. Nedbal, L. Direct evidence of plantpathogenic activity of fungal metabolites of
219. Trichothecium roseum on apple.
220. Mycopathologia, v. 162, p. 65-68, 2006.