An ex situ and in vitro approach to delineate pennate diatom species with bioindicator potentials in a well mixed tropical estuarine ecosystem

Resumo

An experiment was performed on selected pennate diatom
species collected from the well mixed waters of the Hooghly Estuary
with the aim of distinguishing the ones with qualities to be employed
as monitors of their ecosystem. The Hooghly Estuary is enriched
with domestic, sewage and agricultural effluents and coastal
upwelling along with tide-mediated advective circulation from the
mangrove forests ensure concomitant nutrient pool replenishment in
this ecoregion. There have been several attempts to establish certain
centric diatom species as bioindicators in various parts of the world
owing to their better responsiveness to sudden shifts in
stoichiometry but hardly any with pennate diatoms. Pennate diatoms
are typical benthic mat formers in the intertidal regions, on
submerged surfaces and thus bear greater feasibility to be employed
as accurate pointers to long term deviations in their respective
ecosystems, in spite of the greater sensitivity of the centric diatoms.
The study was carried out in laboratory controlled environment to
minimize the interference from other extrinsic factors compromising
the outcome and also due to the fact that such studies to be
performed in natural conditions require a decent financial support
and time to conclusively arrive upon the objectives. From the
present endeavour it was inferred that Nitzschia sigmoidea,
Pleurosigma angulatum and Ulnaria oxyrhyncus (formerly Synedra
ulna var. oxyrhyncus) stood a good chance of being recruited as
bioindicators to eutrophic well mixed estuaries, similar to the one
they had been sampled from. 

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