A facile approach towards copper oxide nanoparticles synthesis using Spirulina platensis and assessment of its biological activities

Resumen

There is a budding need to develop a method for environmentally benign metal nanoparticle synthesis, that do not use toxic chemicals in the synthesis protocols to avoid adverse effects in medical applications. The present investigation dealt with the synthesis of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles from blue green alga, Spirulina platensis. The algal extract consisting of phytochemicals was used as the reducing agent and copper sulphate as the substrate. Synthesised nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD and SEM. Antibacterial and anticancer activities were assessed for the CuO nanoparticles. The results indicated that the formed CuO nanoparticles were observed to be nanosheets. FT-IR spectral analysis elucidated the occurrence of biomolecules required for the reduction of copper oxide ions. The synthesized nanoparticles were found to be effective at the concentration of 1 mg/mL against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens. The cytotoxicity activity of CuO nanoparticle was evaluated by MTT Assay against colon cancer cell lines and confirmed that CuO nanoparticle at a concentration of 125 μg/mL had cytotoxic activity. In conclusion, the CuO nanoparticles were synthesized at a low energy supply, in an ecologically safe mode which could be utilized for pharmacological applications and various biotechnological studies.

Citas

1. Azam, A.; Ahmed, A. S.; Oves, M.; Khan, M. S.;
2. Habib, S. S.; Memic, A. Antimicrobial activity
3. of metal oxide nanoparticles against Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria: A
4. comparative study. International Journal of
5. Nanomedicine, v. 2012, p. 6003-6009, 2012.
6. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S35347
7. Cuevas, R.; Durán, N.; Diez, M. C.; Tortella, G.
8. R.; Rubilar, O. Extracellular biosynthesis of
9. copper and copper oxide nanoparticles by
10. Stereum hirsutum, a native white-rot fungus
11. from Chilean forests. Journal of
12. Nanomaterials, v. 2015, Article ID 789089,
13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/
14. Dallas, P.; Sharma, V. K.; Zboril, R. Silver
15. polymeric nanocomposites as advanced
16. antimicrobial agents: Classification, synthetic
17. paths, applications, and perspectives.
18. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,
19. v. 166, no. 1, p. 119-135, 2011.
20. Gabbay, J.; Borkow, G.; Mishal, J.; Magen, E.;
21. Zatcoff, R.; Shemer-Avni, Y. Copper oxide
22. impregnated textiles with potent biocidal
23. activities. Journal of Industrial Textiles,
24. v. 35, no. 4, p. 323-335, 2006.
25. Grigore, M. E.; Biscu, E. R.; Holban, A. M.;
26. Gestal, M. C.; Grumezescu, A. M. Methods of
27. synthesis, properties and biomedical
28. applications of CuO nanoparticles.
29. Pharmaceuticals, v. 9:75, 2016.
30. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph9040075
31. Hajipour, M. J.; Fromm, K. M.; Ashkarran, A.
32. A.; Aberasturi, D. J.; de Larramendi, I. R.;
33. Rojo, T.; Mahmoudi, M. Antibacterial
34. properties of nanoparticles. Trends in
35. Biotechnology, v. 30, n. 10, p. 499-511,
36. Hetta, M.; Mahmoud, R.; El-Senousy, W.;
37. Ibrahim, M.; El-Taweel, G.; Ali, G. Antiviral
38. and antimicrobial activities of Spirulina
39. platensis. World J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., v. 3,
40. no. 6, p. 31-39, 2014.
41. Jain, S.; Hirst, D. G.; O’Sullivan, J. M. Gold
42. nanoparticles as novel agents for cancer
43. therapy. The British Journal of Radiology,
44. v. 85, no. 1010, p. 101-113, 2012.
45. Jeronsia, J. E.; Raj, D. V.; Joseph, L. A.; Rubini,
46. K.; Das, S. J. In vitro antibacterial and
47. anticancer activity of copper oxide
48. nanostructures in human breast cancer
49. Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 cells. Journal
50. of Medical Sciences, v. 36, no. 4, 145-151,
51. https://doi.org/10.4103/1011-
52. 188899
53. Kanmani, P.; Yuvaraj, N.; Paari, K. A.;
54. Pattukumar, V.; Arul, V. Production and
55. purification of a novel exopolysaccharide
56. from lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus
57. phocae PI80 and its functional characteristics
58. activity in vitro. Bioresource Technology,
59. v. 102, no. 7, p. 4827-4833, 2011.
60. Nagajyothi, P. C.; Muthuraman, P.; Sreekanth,
61. T. V. M.; Kim, D. H.; Shim, J. Green synthesis:
62. in-vitro anticancer activity of copper oxide
63. nanoparticles against human cervical
64. carcinoma cells. Arabian Journal of
65. Chemistry, v. 10, no. 2, p. 215-225, 2017.
66. Nguyen, K. T. Targeted nanoparticles for
67. cancer therapy: Promises and challenge.
68. Journal of Nanomedicine &
69. Nanotechnology, 2:5, 2011.
70. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7439.
71. e
72. Jayakrishnan et al.
73. Braz. J. Biol. Sci., 2018, v. 5, No. 10, p. 433-442.
74. Niraimathi, K. L.; Lavanya, R.; Sudha, V.;
75. Narendran, R.; Brindha, P. Bio-reductive
76. synthesis and characterization of copper
77. oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) using
78. Alternanthera sessilis Linn. leaf extract.
79. Journal of Pharmacy Research, v. 10, no. 1,
80. p. 29-32, 2016.
81. Padil, V. V. T.; Černík, M. Green synthesis of
82. copper oxide nanoparticles using gum karaya
83. as a biotemplate and their antibacterial
84. application. International Journal of
85. Nanomedicine, v. 8, p. 889-898, 2013.
86. https://dx.doi.org/10.2147%2FIJN.S40599
87. Patel, V.; Berthold, D.; Puranik, P.; Gantar, M.
88. Screening of cyanobacteria and microalgae
89. for their ability to synthesize silver
90. nanoparticles with antibacterial activity.
91. Biotechnology Reports, v. 5, p. 112-119,
92. Rai, M.; Posten, C. (Eds.). Green biosynthesis
93. of nanoparticles: Mechanisms and
94. applications. CABI, 2013.
95. Sankar, R.; Maheswari, R.; Karthik, S.;
96. Shivashangari, K. S.; Ravikumar, V.
97. Anticancer activity of Ficus religiosa
98. engineered copper oxide nanoparticles.
99. Materials Science and Engineering: C,
100. v. 44, p.234-239, 2014.
101. Shafagh, M.; Rahmani, F.; Delirezh, N. CuO
102. nanoparticles induce cytotoxicity and
103. apoptosis in human K562 cancer cell line via
104. mitochondrial pathway, through reactive
105. oxygen species and P53. Iranian Journal of
106. Basic Medical Sciences, v. 18, no. 10,
107. p. 993-1000, 2015.
108. Suganya, K. U.; Govindaraju, K.; Kumar, V. G.;
109. Dhas, T. S.; Karthick, V.; Singaravelu, G.;
110. Elanchezhiyan, M. Blue green alga mediated
111. synthesis of gold nanoparticles and its
112. antibacterial efficacy against Gram positive
113. organisms. Materials Science and
114. Engineering: C, v. 47, p. 351-356, 2015.
115. Verma, S. U. G. A. N. D. H. A.; Kumari, B. A. B. I.
116. T. A.; Shrivastava, J. N. Green synthesis of
117. silver nanoparticles using single cell protein
118. of Spirulina platensis. International Journal
119. of Pharma and Bio Sciences, v. 5, no. 2,
120. B458-B464, 2014.
121. Yang, J.; Jiang, L. C.; Zhang, W. D.;
122. Gunasekaran, S. A highly sensitive nonenzymatic glucose sensor based on a simple
123. two-step electrodeposition of cupric oxide
124. (CuO) nanoparticles onto multi-walled
125. carbon nanotube arrays. Talanta, v. 82, no. 1,
126. p. 25-33, 2010.